As gardeners, we know all too well what terrible damage deer can do year round. Last winter, we tested a spray called Deer Stopper® that dries clear and will not burn plants. The results were stunning. The spray can be applied to fencing or directly on plants, fruits, or vegetables. It's non-toxic, lasts for 30 days, and it works. Please note that you may want to re-apply more frequently when favorite plants such as Tulips, Lilies, or Daylilies are budding. Made in the USA. 16oz of concentrate makes 1.25 gallons, that covers about 4,500 sq ft.